Not by this specific regulation, but as I said before many other countries are advancing similar pieces of legislation. Any exchange registered within a specific country could still be targeted if they refuse to comply. Hodlhodl for example is based in the UK, so would be easily targeted. AgoraDesk is based in the Seychelles, so is likely to be safer. The only exchanges completely immune to such regulations will be ones which are entirely decentralized, such as Bisq.
If decentralised exchanges aren't going to be affected by American regulation it's something cryptos ppl have to start getting used to it now.
It isn't a secret about the majority of govts wanting to take over control of bitcoin but it won't be easy.
And because of that, it's plain stupid for the Bitcoin ecosystem to voluntarily hand over that power to the government. Centralized exchanges, third party payment processors,
even mixers buy the notion of taint nowadays.
Centralised exchanges are a central part of the bitcoin ecosystem so if they're surrendering their users to American regulation they'll see smaller profits. If they push them away they'll use decentralised exchanges setting a different way to trade so it's going to hit their profits.